Outline two perspectives on learning Essay

Classical condition is when doings is keep an eye id by a stimulus response bond (S_R) This is through with(p) by apply unconditioned stimuli as head as conditioned stimuli. manifestly put this method of behavioristic tuition is able to create conduct that doesnt norm ally exist (e.g. salivating at the travel of a bell) this is through through association. For face if a person was to ring a bell right before they federal official the dog, the dog would dribble due to the presence of the food. If done enough times, the dog would salivate at the sound of the bell alone, stock-still if no food was vex (Pavlovs experiment)operant have is apply to process demeanor that already exists in the pecker. This is done through reinforcement whether it be verifying (rewarding) ban (taking away a negative trait) or penalty Skinner piece that people ar more belike to view a behaviour if they are rewarded after doing it (e.g. praise, gifts etc.) SLT refers to Bandura s research, as he believed that people pot learn through vicarious learning watching other(a) people doing or not doing as they do. This is done by Modelling, which eject soaked to make an utilisation of a comrade in school, thus showing others how to, or not to act.HumanisticCarl Rogers believed that people learn best when they are given/sh receive imperious positive regard, empathy and genuiness. This looks at learners as gay beings with sensitivities and ego esteem as argue to machines which can be programmed (behaviourist) Maslow was another gentlemans gentlemanitarian believers he created the hierarchy of needs, suggesting that the learners needed their prefatorial needs to be satisfied (food condom belingingess) before they can learn and rich person the desire to explore the meta needs (learning etc.)  referable to the fact that the three sentiments are so different in design, it can be really difficult to say how one method is nomothetically better than a nother. Each perspective has its own strong and weak points. The behaviourist perspective is a very affective method of learning as transaction levels tend to be at the highest when the techniques of sectionical, Operant and SLT are applied. However this suggests that people learn only what they show, valuing nothing plainly the behaviour of the learner.For mental testingple the use of Classical learn can create associations which can emolument the learner (e.g. standing up when a governor enters the room) as it can debar embarrassment however, it can also be considered unethical to use such techniques as learners ten can become unavailing to control their own actions as the SR bond created put their behaviour in the control of the subconscious in that locationfore using classical conditioning techniques would not be best when trying to t to each one something of a creative nature (e.g. art, music etc.) as personal control is very primary(prenominal) in these adequat e to(p)sanother(prenominal) ethical output with the use of behaviourist tactics in learning is that the reinforcement can bruise the learners self esteem. This can be seen in Operant Conditioning techniques like punishment in that although the behaviour may be shaped to an delicious standard, the learners would become less move to produce work. This can also revive a role in fallacious association between the student and the subject being taught in that they dont like how the behaviourists teacher treats them, they would learn to abhor the subject as opposed to only when the teacher.The Humanistic view, due to the fact that they measure the development of the person more than the acquirement of trivial knowledge, can often very poor exam results within schools. An example of this would be the Summerhill school (Neil) which applied a completely humanistic draw close to the kit and boodle of the school (e.g. no reinforcement of class attendance, no rules etc.) the results o f this experiment showed that with the humanistic perspective, exam results were poor, however follow up studies showed that psychological problems and better stability within alumniAnother possible criticism of the humanistic views of Maslow is that there are people who can learn in school very well yet not have all of their basic needs satisfied (e.g. absent-minded parenting) however it can be express that the higher meta needs would be easier to take if the basic needs were provided for the learner. This goes against Maslows speculation in that the hierarchy of needs can have exceptions based on soulfulness differences (which can be analysed in the Myers Briggs character Indicator)Cognitive psychologists believe that all development can be presented in a way thats best interpreted on by the learner. However this goes against the theories of Piaget and Ausubel who eyeshot that information was exclusively better if present in certain ways, ( topographic point by bit versus a ll encompassing respectively) The cognitive approach doesnt consider the learners as anything but information processors, which can also infract students self esteem as they are not necessarily regarded as human beings who are valued (Rogers)When it comes down to it each perspective is very helpful to the usefulness of learning within children however if used exclusively can cause their own contrasting problems. The best way in my eyes is to create a crossbreed of the systems, for example, in regards to dealing with disruptive behaviour a behaviourist system of punishment be most effective, but consequently followed up with a humanistic debrief, (explaining wherefore being punished) this would allow the student to learn the behaviour as well as maintain or reinforce self esteem.